See stroyen in All languages combined, or Wiktionary
{
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "stroy"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "stroy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "destroyen",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "apheretic form of destroyen",
"name": "apheretic form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Despite being attested slightly earlier, probably an apheretic form of destroyen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyinge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stree",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroy",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strugen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "struye",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyȝe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "struye",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strui",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "struien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "struiȝe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "stroyen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stroyeth",
"2": "stroyinge",
"3": "stroyed"
},
"expansion": "stroyen (third-person singular simple present stroyeth, present participle stroyinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stroyed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroy"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To demolish or damage (a building, structure, or other thing)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-l8it3SKB",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
],
[
"other",
"other#English"
],
[
"thing",
"thing#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To eliminate or impair (a concept or capability)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-yNCkfIl~",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"impair",
"impair"
],
[
"concept",
"concept#English"
],
[
"capability",
"capability#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To violate, annul, or ignore (a law)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-6dmHU5eA",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"annul",
"annul"
],
[
"ignore",
"ignore"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "5 16 6 42 8 7 6 10",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 4 66 5 5 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with 1 entry",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "4 6 4 70 5 5 4 5",
"kind": "other",
"name": "Pages with entries",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To waste goods or resources."
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-e9cO9OCQ",
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"good",
"good"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"(rare) To waste goods or resources."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To conquer, defeat, or subjugate:",
"To devastate or ravage (a person/people or a place)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-zkAFDNJu",
"links": [
[
"conquer",
"conquer"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
],
[
"devastate",
"devastate"
],
[
"ravage",
"ravage"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"place",
"place#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "20 0 0 5 0 75 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Death",
"orig": "enm:Death",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
},
{
"_dis": "0 0 14 5 0 81 0 0",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "War",
"orig": "enm:War",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To conquer, defeat, or subjugate:",
"To kill, especially in battle."
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-G-Smb2vY",
"links": [
[
"conquer",
"conquer"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
],
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To injure or trouble (physically or otherwise)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-CYdvdu6R",
"links": [
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"physically",
"physically#English"
],
[
"otherwise",
"otherwise#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
{
"_dis": "0 0 0 0 0 0 0 100",
"kind": "other",
"langcode": "enm",
"name": "Medicine",
"orig": "enm:Medicine",
"parents": [],
"source": "w+disamb"
}
],
"glosses": [
"To eliminate or cure (an illness or poison)"
],
"id": "en-stroyen-enm-verb-gJ0YQ9hM",
"links": [
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"cure",
"cure"
],
[
"illness",
"illness#English"
],
[
"poison",
"poison#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To eliminate or cure (an illness or poison)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrui̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstræi̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstryː-/",
"note": "Northern, Southern, West Midland"
}
],
"word": "stroyen"
}
{
"categories": [
"Middle English apheretic forms",
"Middle English entries with incorrect language header",
"Middle English lemmas",
"Middle English verbs",
"Middle English weak verbs",
"Pages with 1 entry",
"Pages with entries",
"enm:Death",
"enm:Medicine",
"enm:War"
],
"descendants": [
{
"lang": "English",
"lang_code": "en",
"tags": [
"obsolete"
],
"word": "stroy"
},
{
"lang": "Middle Scots",
"lang_code": "gmw-msc",
"word": "stroy"
}
],
"etymology_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "destroyen",
"nocap": "1"
},
"expansion": "apheretic form of destroyen",
"name": "apheretic form"
}
],
"etymology_text": "Despite being attested slightly earlier, probably an apheretic form of destroyen.",
"forms": [
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyinge",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"indicative",
"participle",
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "no-table-tags",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"table-tags"
]
},
{
"form": "enm-conj-wk",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"inflection-template"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "to stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"infinitive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"first-person",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyedest",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"second-person",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"third-person"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"present",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"singular",
"subjunctive"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"present",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"singular"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyen",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeden",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyede",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyeth",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"plural",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "-",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"imperative",
"past",
"plural"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyynge",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyende",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"present"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "ystroyed",
"source": "conjugation",
"tags": [
"participle",
"past"
]
},
{
"form": "stree",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroy",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "stroye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strye",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strugen",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "struye",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Early-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroien",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyȝe",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stroyn",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "struye",
"tags": [
"alternative",
"Late-Middle-English"
]
},
{
"form": "stru",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strue",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "strui",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "struien",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
},
{
"form": "struiȝe",
"tags": [
"alternative"
]
}
],
"head_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "enm",
"2": "verb",
"head": ""
},
"expansion": "stroyen",
"name": "head"
},
{
"args": {
"1": "stroyeth",
"2": "stroyinge",
"3": "stroyed"
},
"expansion": "stroyen (third-person singular simple present stroyeth, present participle stroyinge, first-/third-person singular past indicative and past participle stroyed)",
"name": "enm-verb"
}
],
"inflection_templates": [
{
"args": {
"1": "stroy"
},
"name": "enm-conj-wk"
}
],
"lang": "Middle English",
"lang_code": "enm",
"pos": "verb",
"senses": [
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To demolish or damage (a building, structure, or other thing)"
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"demolish",
"demolish"
],
[
"damage",
"damage"
],
[
"building",
"building#English"
],
[
"structure",
"structure#English"
],
[
"other",
"other#English"
],
[
"thing",
"thing#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To eliminate or impair (a concept or capability)"
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"impair",
"impair"
],
[
"concept",
"concept#English"
],
[
"capability",
"capability#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To violate, annul, or ignore (a law)"
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"violate",
"violate"
],
[
"annul",
"annul"
],
[
"ignore",
"ignore"
],
[
"law",
"law#English"
]
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"To waste goods or resources."
],
"links": [
[
"destroy",
"destroy"
],
[
"ruin",
"ruin"
],
[
"waste",
"waste"
],
[
"good",
"good"
],
[
"resource",
"resource"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"To destroy or ruin:",
"(rare) To waste goods or resources."
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
}
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To conquer, defeat, or subjugate:",
"To devastate or ravage (a person/people or a place)"
],
"links": [
[
"conquer",
"conquer"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
],
[
"devastate",
"devastate"
],
[
"ravage",
"ravage"
],
[
"person",
"person#English"
],
[
"people",
"people#English"
],
[
"place",
"place#English"
]
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To conquer, defeat, or subjugate:",
"To kill, especially in battle."
],
"links": [
[
"conquer",
"conquer"
],
[
"defeat",
"defeat"
],
[
"subjugate",
"subjugate"
],
[
"kill",
"kill"
],
[
"especially",
"especially"
],
[
"battle",
"battle"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"glosses": [
"To injure or trouble (physically or otherwise)"
],
"links": [
[
"injure",
"injure"
],
[
"trouble",
"trouble"
],
[
"physically",
"physically#English"
],
[
"otherwise",
"otherwise#English"
]
],
"synonyms": [
{
"word": "destroyen"
},
{
"word": "merren"
}
]
},
{
"categories": [
"Middle English terms with rare senses"
],
"glosses": [
"To eliminate or cure (an illness or poison)"
],
"links": [
[
"eliminate",
"eliminate"
],
[
"cure",
"cure"
],
[
"illness",
"illness#English"
],
[
"poison",
"poison#English"
]
],
"raw_glosses": [
"(rare) To eliminate or cure (an illness or poison)"
],
"tags": [
"rare"
]
}
],
"sounds": [
{
"ipa": "/ˈstrui̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstræi̯ən/"
},
{
"ipa": "/ˈstryː-/",
"note": "Northern, Southern, West Midland"
}
],
"word": "stroyen"
}
Download raw JSONL data for stroyen meaning in Middle English (7.0kB)
This page is a part of the kaikki.org machine-readable Middle English dictionary. This dictionary is based on structured data extracted on 2026-03-25 from the enwiktionary dump dated 2026-03-03 using wiktextract (05c257f and 9d9a410). The data shown on this site has been post-processed and various details (e.g., extra categories) removed, some information disambiguated, and additional data merged from other sources. See the raw data download page for the unprocessed wiktextract data.
If you use this data in academic research, please cite Tatu Ylonen: Wiktextract: Wiktionary as Machine-Readable Structured Data, Proceedings of the 13th Conference on Language Resources and Evaluation (LREC), pp. 1317-1325, Marseille, 20-25 June 2022. Linking to the relevant page(s) under https://kaikki.org would also be greatly appreciated.